A developer maintains an Amazon API Gateway REST API. Customers use the API through a frontend UI and Amazon Cognito authentication.
The developer has a new version of the API that contains new endpoints and backward- incompatible interface changes. The developer needs to provide beta access to other developers on the team without affecting customers.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Correct Answer:A
Amazon API Gateway is a service that enables developers to create, publish, maintain, monitor, and secure APIs at any scale. The developer can define a development stage on the API Gateway API and instruct the other developers to point the endpoints to the development stage. This way, the developer can provide beta access to the new version of the API without affecting customers who use the production stage. This solution will meet the requirements with the least operational overhead.
References:
✑ [What Is Amazon API Gateway? - Amazon API Gateway]
✑ [Set up a Stage in API Gateway - Amazon API Gateway]

A company is running Amazon EC2 instances in multiple AWS accounts. A developer needs to implement an application that collects all the lifecycle events of the EC2 instances. The application needs to store the lifecycle events in a single Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue in the company's main AWS account for further processing.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

Correct Answer:D
Amazon EC2 instances can send the state-change notification events to Amazon EventBridge. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/monitoring-instance-state- changes.html Amazon EventBridge can send and receive events between event buses in AWS accounts. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eventbridge/latest/userguide/eb-cross- account.html

A developer at a company needs to create a small application that makes the same API call once each day at a designated time. The company does not have infrastructure in the AWS Cloud yet, but the company wants to implement this functionality on AWS.
Which solution meets these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient manner?

Correct Answer:C
The correct answer is C. Use an AWS Lambda function that is invoked by an Amazon EventBridge scheduled event.
* C. Use an AWS Lambda function that is invoked by an Amazon EventBridge scheduled event. This is correct. AWS Lambda is a serverless compute service that lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers. Lambda runs your code on a high-availability compute infrastructure and performs all of the administration of the compute resources, including server and operating system maintenance, capacity provisioning and automatic scaling, and logging1. Amazon EventBridge is a serverless event bus service that enables you to connect your applications with data from a variety of sources2. EventBridge can create rules that run on a schedule, either at regular intervals or at specific times and dates, and invoke targets such as Lambda functions3. This solution meets the requirements of creating a small application that makes the same API call once each day at a designated time, without requiring any infrastructure in the AWS Cloud or any operational overhead.
* A. Use a Kubernetes cron job that runs on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS). This is incorrect. Amazon EKS is a fully managed Kubernetes service that allows you to run containerized applications on AWS4. Kubernetes cron jobs are tasks that run periodically on a given schedule5. This solution could meet the functional requirements of creating a small application that makes the same API call once each day at a designated time, but it would not be the most operationally efficient manner. The company would need to provision and manage an EKS cluster, which would incur additional costs and complexity.
* B. Use an Amazon Linux crontab scheduled job that runs on Amazon EC2. This is incorrect. Amazon EC2 is a web service that provides secure, resizable compute capacity in the cloud6. Crontab is a Linux utility that allows you to schedule commands or scripts to run automatically at a specified time or date7. This solution could meet the functional requirements of creating a small application that makes the same API call once each day at a designated time, but it would not be the most operationally efficient manner. The company would need to provision and manage an EC2 instance, which would incur additional costs and complexity.
* D. Use an AWS Batch job that is submitted to an AWS Batch job queue. This is incorrect. AWS Batch enables you to run batch computing workloads on the AWS Cloud8. Batch jobs are units of work that can be submitted to job queues, where they are executed in parallelor sequentially on compute environments9. This solution could meet the functional requirements of creating a small application that makes the same API call once each day at a designated time, but it would not be the most operationally efficient manner. The company would need to configure and manage an AWS Batch environment, which would incur additional costs and complexity.
References:
✑ 1: What is AWS Lambda? - AWS Lambda
✑ 2: What is Amazon EventBridge? - Amazon EventBridge
✑ 3: Creating an Amazon EventBridge rule that runs on a schedule - Amazon EventBridge
✑ 4: What is Amazon EKS? - Amazon EKS
✑ 5: CronJob - Kubernetes
✑ 6: What is Amazon EC2? - Amazon EC2
✑ 7: Crontab in Linux with 20 Useful Examples to Schedule Jobs - Tecmint
✑ 8: What is AWS Batch? - AWS Batch
✑ 9: Jobs - AWS Batch

A developer must analyze performance issues with production-distributed applications written as AWS Lambda functions. These distributed Lambda applications invoke other components that make up me applications. How should the developer identify and troubleshoot the root cause of the performance issues in production?

Correct Answer:C
This solution will meet the requirements by using AWS X-Ray to analyze and debug the performance issues with the distributed Lambda applications. AWS X-Ray is a service that collects data about requests that the applications serve, and provides tools to view, filter, and gain insights into that data. The developer can use AWS X-Ray to identify the root cause of the performance issues by examining the segments and errors that show the details of each request and the components that make up the applications. Option A is not optimal because it will use logging statements and Amazon CloudWatch, which may not provide enough information or visibility into the distributed applications. Option B is not
optimal because it will use AWS CloudTrail, which is a service that records API calls and events for AWS services, not application performance data. Option D is not optimal because it will use Amazon Inspector, which is a service that helps improve the security and compliance of applications on Amazon EC2 instances, not Lambda functions. References: AWS X-Ray, Using AWS X-Ray with AWS Lambda

A company wants to share information with a third party. The third party has an HTTP API endpoint that the company can use to share the information. The company has the required API key to access the HTTP API.
The company needs a way to manage the API key by using code. The integration of the API key with the application code cannot affect application performance.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST securely?
Solution:
AWS Secrets Manager is a service that helps securely store, rotate, and manage secrets such as API keys, passwords, and tokens. The developer can store the API credentials in AWS Secrets Manager and retrieve them at runtime by using the AWS SDK. This solution will meet the requirements of security, code management, and performance. Storing the API credentials in a local code variable or an S3 object is not secure, as it exposes the credentials to unauthorized access or leakage. Storing the API credentials in a DynamoDB table is also not secure, as it requires additional encryption and access control measures. Moreover, retrieving the credentials from S3 or DynamoDB may affect application performance due to network latency.
References:
✑ [What Is AWS Secrets Manager? - AWS Secrets Manager]
✑ [Retrieving a Secret - AWS Secrets Manager]

Does this meet the goal?

Correct Answer:A

A developer migrated a legacy application to an AWS Lambda function. The function uses a third-party service to pull data with a series of API calls at the end of each month. The function than processes the data to generate the monthly reports. The function has Been working with no issues so far.
The third-party service recently issued a restriction to allow a feed number to API calls each minute and each day. If the API calls exceed the limit tor each minute or each day, then the service will produce errors. The API also provides the minute limit and daily limit in the response header. This restriction might extend the overall process to multiple days because the process is consuming more API calls than the available limit.
What is the MOST operationally efficient way to refactor the server less application to accommodate this change?

Correct Answer:A
The solution that will meet the requirements is to use an AWS Step Functions state machine to monitor API failures. Use the Wait state to delay calling the Lambda function. This way, the developer can refactor the serverless application to accommodate the change in a way that is automated and scalable. The developer can use Step Functions to orchestrate the Lambda function and handle any errors or retries. The developer can also use the Wait state to pause the execution for a specified duration or until a specified timestamp, which can help avoid exceeding the API limits. The other options either involve using additional services that are not necessary or appropriate for this scenario, or do not address the issue of API failures.
Reference: AWS Step Functions Wait state