Fill in the blank with an appropriate phrase The is a formal state transition system of computer security policy that describes a set of access control rules designed to ensure data integrity.

Correct Answer:A
The Biba model is a formal state transition system of computer security policy that describes a set of access control rules designed to ensure data integrity. Data and subjects are grouped into ordered levels of integrity. The model is designed so that subjects may not corrupt data in a level ranked higher than the subject, or be corrupted by data from a lower level than the subject.

The Information System Security Officer (ISSO) and Information System Security Engineer (ISSE) play the role of a supporter and advisor, respectively. Which of the following statements are true about ISSO and ISSE? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.

Correct Answer:BCD
An Information System Security Officer (ISSO) plays the role of a supporter. The responsibilities of an Information System Security Officer (ISSO) are as follows: Manages the security of the information system that is slated for Certification & Accreditation (C&A). Insures the information systems configuration with the agency's information security policy. Supports the information system owner/information owner for the completion of security-related responsibilities. Takes part in the formal configuration management process. Prepares Certification & Accreditation (C&A) packages. An Information System Security Engineer (ISSE) plays the role of an advisor. The responsibilities of an Information System Security Engineer are as follows:
Provides view on the continuous monitoring of the information system. Provides advice on the impacts of system changes. Takes part in the configuration management process. Takes part in the development activities that are required to implement system changes.
Follows approved system changes.

Which of the following steps of the LeGrand Vulnerability-Oriented Risk Management method determines the necessary compliance offered by risk management practices and assessment of risk levels?

Correct Answer:A
Assessment, monitoring, and assurance determines the necessary compliance that are offered by risk management practices and assessment of risk levels.

Which of the following security controls works as the totality of protection mechanisms within a computer system, including hardware, firmware, and software, the combination of which is responsible for enforcing a security policy?

Correct Answer:C
Trusted computing base (TCB) refers to hardware, software, controls, and processes that cause a computer system or network to be devoid of malicious software or hardware. Maintaining the trusted computing base (TCB) is essential for security policy to be implemented successfully. Answer D is incorrect. Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) is a standard-based protocol that provides the highest level of VPN security. IPSec can encrypt virtually everything above the networking layer. It is used for VPN connections that use the L2TP protocol. It secures both data and password. IPSec cannot be used with Point-to- Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP). Answer A is incorrect. The Common data security architecture (CDSA) is a set of layered security services and cryptographic framework. It deals with the communications and data security problems in the emerging Internet and intranet application space. It presents an infrastructure for building cross-platform, interoperable, security-enabled applications for client-server environments. Answer B is incorrect. An application programming interface (API) is an interface implemented by a software program which enables it to interact with other software. It facilitates interaction between different software programs similar to the way the user interface facilitates interaction between humans and computers. An API is implemented by applications, libraries, and operating systems to determine their vocabularies and calling conventions, and is used to access their services. It may include specifications for routines, data structures, object classes, and protocols used to communicate between the consumer and the implementer of the API.

Which of the following security design patterns provides an alternative by requiring that a user's authentication credentials be verified by the database before providing access to that user's data?

Correct Answer:C
Password propagation provides an alternative by requiring that a user's authentication credentials be verified by the database before providing access to that user's datAnswer D is incorrect. Account lockout implements a limit on the incorrect password attempts to protect an account from automated password-guessing attacks. Answer B is incorrect. Authenticated session allows a user to access more than one access-restricted Web page without re-authenticating every page. It also integrates user authentication into the basic session model. Answer A is incorrect. Secure assertion distributes application-specific sanity checks throughout the system.

Which of the following SDLC phases consists of the given security controls: Misuse Case Modeling Security Design and Architecture Review Threat and Risk Modeling Security Requirements and Test Cases Generation?

Correct Answer:D
The various security controls in the SDLC design phase are as follows: Misuse Case Modeling: It is important that the inverse of the misuse cases be modeled to understand and address the security aspects of the software. The requirements traceability matrix can be used to track the misuse cases to the functionality of the software. Security Design and Architecture Review: This control can be introduced when the teams are engaged in the "functional" design and architecture review of the software. Threat and Risk Modeling: Threat modeling determines the attack surface of the software by examining its functionality for trust boundaries, data flow, entry points, and exit points. Risk modeling is performed by ranking the threats as they pertain to the users organization's business objectives, compliance and regulatory requirements and security exposures. Security Requirements and Test Cases Generation: All the above three security controls, i.e.,
Misuse Case Modeling, Security Design and Architecture Review, and Threat and Risk Modeling are used to produce the security requirements.