- (Topic 1)
A company needs to identify the last time that a specific user accessed the AWS Management Console.
Which AWS service will provide this information?

Correct Answer:B
AWS CloudTrail is the service that will provide the information about the last time that a specific user accessed the AWS Management Console. AWS CloudTrail is a service that records the API calls and events made by or on behalf of your AWS account. You can use AWS CloudTrail to view, search, and download the history of AWS console sign-in events, which include the user name, date, time, source IP address, and other details of the sign-in activity. Amazon Cognito, Amazon Inspector, and Amazon GuardDuty are not services that will provide this information. Amazon Cognito is a service that provides user authentication and authorization for web and mobile applications. Amazon Inspector is a service that assesses the security and compliance of your applications running on AWS. Amazon GuardDuty is a service that monitors your AWS account and workloads for malicious or unauthorized activity.

- (Topic 1)
A company deploys its application to multiple AWS Regions and configures automatic failover between those Regions.
Which cloud concept does this architecture represent?

Correct Answer:B
Reliability is the cloud concept that this architecture represents. Reliability is the ability of a system to recover from infrastructure or service disruptions, dynamically acquire computing resources to meet demand, and mitigate disruptions such as misconfigurations or transient network issues. Deploying an application to multiple AWS Regions and configuring automatic failover between those Regions enhances the reliability of the application by reducing the impact of regional failures and increasing the availability of the application4

- (Topic 2)
A company has a single Amazon EC2 instance. The company wants to adopt a highly available architecture.
What can the company do to meet this requirement?

Correct Answer:B
Scaling horizontally across multiple Availability Zones is a way to adopt a highly available architecture, as it increases the fault tolerance and resilience of the application. Scaling vertically to a larger EC2 instance size is a way to improve the performance of the application, but it does not improve the availability. Purchasing an EC2 Dedicated Instance is a way to isolate the instance from other AWS customers, but it does not improve the availability. Changing the EC2 instance family to a compute optimized instance is a way to optimize the instance type for the workload, but it does not improve the availability. These concepts are explained in the AWS Well-Architected Framework2.

- (Topic 3)
Which database engines does Amazon Aurora support? (Select TWO.)

Correct Answer:CD
Amazon Aurora is a relational database service that is compatible with MySQL and PostgreSQL engines. It delivers up to five times the performance of MySQL and up to three times the performance of PostgreSQL. It also provides high availability, scalability, security, and durability1

- (Topic 2)
A company does not want to rely on elaborate forecasting to determine its usage of compute resources. Instead, the company wants to pay only for the resources that it uses. The company also needs the ability to increase or decrease its resource usage to meet business requirements.
Which pillar of the AWS Well-Architected Framework aligns with these requirements?

Correct Answer:D
Cost optimization is the pillar of the AWS Well-Architected Framework that aligns with the requirements of not relying on elaborate forecasting and paying only for the resources that are used. The cost optimization pillar focuses on the ability of a system to deliver business value at the lowest price point. Cost optimization involves using the right AWS services and resources for the workload, measuring and monitoring the cost and usage, and continuously improving the cost efficiency. Cost optimization also leverages the benefits of the AWS Cloud, such as pay-as-you-go pricing, elasticity, and scalability. For more information, see [Cost Optimization Pillar] and [Cost Optimization].

- (Topic 1)
Which AWS services or features can control VPC traffic? (Select TWO.)

Correct Answer:AD
The AWS services or features that can control VPC traffic are security groups and network ACLs. Security groups are stateful firewalls that control the inbound and outbound traffic at the instance level. You can assign one or more security groups to each instance in a VPC, and specify the rules that allow or deny traffic based on the protocol, port, and source or destination. Network ACLs are stateless firewalls that control the inbound and outbound traffic at the subnet level. You can associate one network ACL with each subnet in a VPC, and specify the rules that allow or deny traffic based on the protocol, port, and source or destination. AWS Direct Connect, Amazon GuardDuty, and Amazon Connect are not services or features that can control VPC traffic. AWS Direct Connect is a service that establishes a dedicated network connection between your premises and AWS. Amazon GuardDuty is a service that monitors your AWS account and workloads for malicious or unauthorized activity. Amazon Connect is a service that provides a cloud-based contact center solution.